The Inquisition was a group of institutions within the Catholic Church tasked with identifying, suppressing and punishing heresy since the 12th century. It's most infamous phase was during Spanish Inquisition in late 15th century.
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Heresy: Any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs, particularly in context of religion.
Spanish Inquisition: An institution established by Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile aimed at maintaining Catholic orthodoxy in their kingdoms, notorious for its methods including torture and executions.
Auto-da-fĂŠ: Public penance rituals carried out after an Inquisition trial where sentences were pronounced and executed.