Qing dynasty: The Qing dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912. It was established by the Manchu conquest of Ming China.
Great Wall: A massive wall built along China's northern border during various dynasties, including the Ming dynasty. It served as protection against invasions from nomadic groups, including the Manchu.
Mandate of Heaven: A Chinese belief that emperors ruled by divine right and had the approval of heaven. The overthrow of an emperor or dynasty was often justified by claiming they lost the Mandate of Heaven.