Pakistan is a country in South Asia that gained independence from British India in 1947. It has a diverse culture with various ethnic groups and languages but is primarily known for its Muslim majority.
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Partition of India: The division of British India into two independent dominion states, India and Pakistan in 1947. This event led to massive migration and inter-communal violence.
Islamic Republic: A type of government system where the primary basis for government is Islamic religious law. Pakistan became an Islamic republic in 1956.
Indus Valley Civilization: One of the world's earliest urban civilizations which flourished around 2500 BCE along the Indus River valley in Punjab and Sindh provinces of modern-day Pakistan.