Monarchy: A form of government where supreme authority is held by one individual (monarch) who inherits their position through bloodline succession. The Hundred Years War marked an important transitional period for monarchies in both France and England.
Treaty of Troyes: A treaty signed in 1420 during the Hundred Years War. It declared Henry V of England as the heir to the French throne, further complicating the political landscape by creating rival claims to power.
Wars of the Roses: A series of civil wars in England that occurred after the Hundred Years War. These conflicts were fought between noble houses vying for control over the English crown, resulting in a significant reshaping of England's political landscape.