Hegemony: This refers to leadership or dominance by one country or social group over others. It's like being the "big brother" who calls all the shots in a family.
Colonialism: This is when one nation takes control of another territory and exploits its resources for its own benefit - kind of like an older sibling taking all of their younger sibling's Halloween candy for themselves.
Exploitation: This term refers to treating someone unfairly in order to benefit from their work - similar to making your little brother do all your chores without giving him anything in return.