Enlightenment: An intellectual movement during the 18th century that emphasized reason, science, and individual rights. It influenced revolutionary thinking by promoting ideas such as equality and freedom.
Industrial Revolution: A period of significant economic and technological changes that occurred in the late 18th to early 19th centuries. The Industrial Revolution transformed societies through advancements in manufacturing and transportation.
French Revolution: A revolution that took place from 1789 to 1799 in France, resulting in the overthrow of the monarchy and the rise of radical political ideologies such as nationalism.