The Sakoku Edict, also known as 'closed country' policy or isolationism, was an official decree imposed by the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1635. It aimed to restrict foreign influence and trade with other countries, effectively isolating Japan from most international interactions for over 200 years.
Related terms
Portuguese Trade: Prior to the Sakoku Edict, Portugal had established trade relations with Japan during the Nanban period (1543-1614). Portuguese traders introduced firearms and Christianity but were eventually expelled due to concerns about their influence.
Dutch Trade: Despite Sakoku's restrictions, the Tokugawa Shogunate maintained limited trade relations with the Dutch through a designated trading post on Dejima Island. The Dutch were allowed to bring in goods and exchange knowledge within specific boundaries.
Matthew Perry: An American naval officer who arrived in Japan in 1853 with a fleet of warships. His forceful arrival led to the opening of Japan's ports for trade and ultimately contributed to the end of Sakoku.