The Taiping Rebellion was a massive civil war in southern China from 1850 to 1864, against the ruling Manchu-led Qing Dynasty. It was led by Hong Xiuquan who established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom with its own unique Christian-like religion.
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Qing Dynasty: The last imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917.
Hong Xiuquan: A Hakka Chinese leader of the Taiping Rebellion who proclaimed himself the younger brother of Jesus Christ and established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
Heavenly Kingdom of Peace: Also known as the "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom", it was an oppositional state in China from 1851 to 1864, supporting social reforms like land redistribution and gender equality.