Sovereignty: The supreme authority within a territory - a key concept in understanding why territorial disputes occur as each nation wants to exercise its sovereignty over disputed lands.
Partitioning: A process often used to resolve territorial disputes by dividing the disputed territory into distinct parts, each controlled by one of the disputing parties.
Borders: These are geographical boundaries of political entities or legal jurisdictions such as governments, sovereign states, federated states which are often at heart of territorial disputes.