Industrial Revolution: A period of rapid industrialization that began in Great Britain in the late 18th century. It led to significant advancements in manufacturing processes, technology, and transportation.
Imperialism: The policy or practice of extending power and influence over weaker nations through colonization, economic dominance, or political control. Many Western industrial powers engaged in imperialism during this time.
Capitalism: An economic system characterized by private ownership of resources and businesses with profit as the main motive. Western industrial powers embraced capitalism and used it to fuel their economic growth.