Jim Crow laws: Racial segregation laws enacted in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that restricted the rights and freedoms of African Americans.
Civil Rights Movement: A social and political movement in the mid-20th century aimed at ending racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans.
Brown v. Board of Education: A landmark Supreme Court case in 1954 that declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional, paving the way for desegregation efforts.