Chinese Exclusion Act: A federal law passed in 1882 that prohibited all immigration of Chinese laborers to America. It was the first law implemented to prevent a specific ethnic group from immigrating to the U.S.
Open Door Policy: A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China.
Boxer Rebellion: An anti-foreign, anti-colonial uprising that took place in China between 1899 and 1901. It was initiated by the Militia United in Righteousness (Yihetuan), known in English as "Boxers", and was motivated by proto-nationalist sentiments and opposition to foreign imperialism and Christianity.