Imperialism: Imperialism is a policy or ideology where powerful nations extend their control over weaker territories for economic, political, or military benefits.
Mercantilism: Mercantilism is an economic system prevalent during the colonial era where nations sought to accumulate wealth through controlling trade with colonies and acquiring valuable resources.
Exploration: Exploration refers to the act of discovering new lands or territories. In the context of colonial powers, exploration played a crucial role in finding new areas to establish colonies.