Automation: Automation refers to the use of technology or machinery to perform tasks that were previously done by humans. During the 1950s and 1960s, automation reduced job opportunities in certain industries, leading to a decline in union membership.
Right-to-work laws: Right-to-work laws are state laws that prohibit agreements between employers and labor unions that make union membership a requirement for employment. These laws became more prevalent during the 1950s and 1960s, which contributed to the decline of union membership.
Globalization: Globalization refers to the increased interconnectedness and integration of countries through trade and communication. During this time period, globalization led to increased competition from foreign companies, resulting in job losses and weakened bargaining power for unions.