Agricultural monoculture: The practice of growing only one type of crop over a large area. This leads to dependence on that particular crop and vulnerability if anything goes wrong with it.
Economic instability: Refers to the lack of diversity in an economy, making it vulnerable to market fluctuations and shocks due to overreliance on one industry or product.
Limited diversification: The absence of variety or options within a certain field or sector. In this case, limited diversification refers to the lack of alternative crops grown by Southern society.