Horace Mann: Horace Mann was a prominent advocate for public education reform during the early 19th century. He believed that all children should have access to free education regardless of their socioeconomic background.
Common School Movement: The Common School Movement was a widespread effort to establish publicly funded schools that would provide equal education opportunities for all children, regardless of social class or wealth.
Normal Schools: Normal Schools were institutions established during this time period specifically for training teachers. They played a crucial role in professionalizing the teaching profession and improving the quality of instruction in schools.