Columbian Exchange: The Columbian Exchange was the widespread transfer of plants, animals, diseases, people (including enslaved Africans), ideas, and technologies between Europe and the Americas.
Colonization: Colonization refers to when one country establishes settlements in another territory with intentions of controlling it economically or politically.
Encomienda system: The encomienda system was a labor system used during colonization where indigenous people were forced to work for Spanish colonizers in exchange for protection and Christianization.