Industrial Revolution: A period of major industrialization that occurred in Europe and the United States during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, characterized by advancements in technology, manufacturing processes, and factory production.
Transportation revolution: Refers to the rapid improvement in transportation infrastructure (such as canals, roads, railroads) during the Market Revolution era that greatly increased connectivity between regions and facilitated trade and economic growth.
Urbanization: The process of population shift from rural areas to urban areas due to factors like industrialization. It involves the growth of cities with increased opportunities for jobs and improved living conditions.