Petroleum: Petroleum refers to naturally occurring liquid fossil fuels found beneath the Earth's surface. It includes crude oil and its refined products.
Distillation: Distillation is a process used in oil refining that involves separating different components of crude oil based on their boiling points.
Fractional Distillation: Fractional distillation is a specific type of distillation used in oil refining that separates crude oil into various fractions or components with different boiling points.