Population declines refer to a decrease in the number of individuals within a species or population over time. In history, this often refers to human populations and can be due to various factors such as disease, war, migration, or environmental changes.
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Mortality Rate: The mortality rate is the measure of the number of deaths in a particular population during a specific period.
Migration: Migration refers to movement by people from one place to another with intentions of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location.
Famine: Famine is extreme scarcity of food caused by several factors including war, inflation, crop failure, etc., leading to widespread malnutrition and death.