Tariffs: Tariffs are taxes imposed on imported goods to make them more expensive than domestically produced goods, thus giving local industries a competitive advantage.
Subsidies: Subsidies are financial assistance provided by the government to specific industries or companies in order to help them compete with foreign rivals or overcome challenges.
Protectionism: Protectionism is an economic policy that seeks to shield domestic businesses from global competition through measures like tariffs, quotas, or other trade restrictions.