Civil Rights Movement: A social movement during the mid-20th century that aimed to secure equal rights for African Americans through nonviolent protests, legal challenges, and grassroots activism.
Jim Crow Laws: State and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States from the late 19th century until the mid-20th century.
Brown v. Board of Education: A landmark Supreme Court case in 1954 that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional, leading to desegregation efforts.