Acetylcholinesterase

Definition

Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft. It plays a crucial role in terminating synaptic transmission and allowing muscle relaxation.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Acetylcholinesterase is located at neuromuscular junctions and cholinergic brain synapses.
2. It hydrolyzes acetylcholine into acetate and choline, which are then recycled.
3. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase can lead to prolonged muscle contractions and potentially fatal respiratory paralysis.
4. Acetylcholinesterase activity ensures that muscles do not remain in a constant state of contraction.
5. Some nerve agents and pesticides function by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.

Review Questions

• What role does acetylcholinesterase play at the neuromuscular junction?
• What are the products of acetylcholine breakdown by acetylcholinesterase?
• How does inhibition of acetylcholinesterase affect muscle function?

Related terms

Acetylcholine: A neurotransmitter involved in muscle activation and many other functions.

Neuromuscular Junction: A synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber where nerve impulses are transmitted to initiate muscle contraction.

Cholinergic Synapse: A type of synapse that uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter.