Acetyl CoA

Definition

Acetyl CoA is a molecule that plays a critical role in metabolism by conveying the carbon atoms within the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) for energy production. It is formed from the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Acetyl CoA is produced during the pyruvate decarboxylation step after glycolysis.
2. It enters the citric acid cycle where it combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate.
3. Acetyl CoA is also essential in fatty acid synthesis and oxidation.
4. It acts as a key regulator of several metabolic pathways by influencing enzyme activity through acetylation.
5. The production of Acetyl CoA occurs in the mitochondria.

Review Questions

• From which metabolic processes can Acetyl CoA be derived?
• What role does Acetyl CoA play in the citric acid cycle?
• Where in the cell is Acetyl CoA primarily produced?

Related terms

Citric Acid Cycle: A series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA.

Oxidative Phosphorylation: The process in mitochondria where ATP is synthesized from ADP and inorganic phosphate, driven by electron transport.

Pyruvate Decarboxylation: The conversion of pyruvate into Acetyl CoA, involving decarboxylation and occurring in the mitochondrial matrix.