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from class: Biology for Non-STEM Majors Definition Genes are segments of DNA that carry the instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all living organisms. They determine specific traits by encoding proteins or functional RNA molecules.
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Predict what's on your test 5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test Genes are located on chromosomes within the cell nucleus. Each gene has a specific location called a locus. Genes consist of exons (coding regions) and introns (non-coding regions). Mutations in genes can lead to changes in protein function and may result in genetic disorders. Humans have approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in their genome. Review Questions Where are genes located within a cell? What is the difference between exons and introns in a gene? How can mutations in genes affect an organism?
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