A monohybrid cross is a genetic mix between two individuals who have homozygous genotypes, or gene pairs, that result in opposite phenotypes for a specific trait. This type of cross examines the inheritance of a single characteristic.
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A monohybrid cross involves parents that are heterozygous for one trait.
The expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation from a monohybrid cross is 3:1.
Gregor Mendel's work with pea plants established the foundation for understanding monohybrid crosses.
Monohybrid crosses are used to demonstrate Mendel's First Law, also known as the Law of Segregation.
In a Punnett square depicting a monohybrid cross, each box represents an equally likely product of fertilization.
Review Questions
What is the phenotypic ratio typically observed in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross?
How does a monohybrid cross illustrate Mendel's Law of Segregation?
What genotype combinations do parents involved in a standard monohybrid cross possess?
Related terms
Dihybrid Cross: A genetic mix between two individuals who have different alleles for two traits.
Law of Segregation: Mendelian principle stating that during the formation of gametes, alleles for each gene segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.
Heterozygous: Having two different alleles for a particular gene or trait.