Coal

Definition

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock primarily composed of carbon, along with various other elements such as hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. It has been a major source of energy for centuries, serving as a key conventional energy source for electricity generation and industrial processes. The extraction and use of coal have significant environmental impacts, raising concerns about air quality, greenhouse gas emissions, and climate change.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Coal is primarily used for electricity generation, accounting for about 40% of global electricity production.
2. The process of burning coal releases significant amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2), contributing to climate change.
3. There are four main types of coal: lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous, and anthracite, each varying in carbon content and energy output.
4. Coal mining can cause serious environmental issues, including habitat destruction, soil erosion, and water contamination.
5. Efforts to transition from coal to renewable energy sources are crucial for meeting international climate goals and reducing dependence on fossil fuels.

Review Questions

• How does the use of coal as a conventional energy source impact the environment?
  • The use of coal significantly impacts the environment through the release of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide during combustion, contributing to global warming. Additionally, mining activities can lead to habitat destruction and pollution of air and water. As countries strive to reduce their carbon footprint, transitioning away from coal towards cleaner energy sources becomes increasingly important to mitigate these environmental consequences.
• Evaluate the role of clean coal technology in addressing the challenges associated with coal usage.
  • Clean coal technology plays a critical role in mitigating the environmental impacts associated with traditional coal usage by enhancing efficiency and reducing emissions. Technologies such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) aim to trap CO2 produced during combustion before it enters the atmosphere. While these technologies offer potential benefits, their implementation is often met with challenges related to cost, infrastructure, and public acceptance, making it essential to weigh their effectiveness against broader shifts towards renewable energy.
• Assess the implications of a global shift away from coal on energy security and economic stability in coal-dependent regions.
  • A global shift away from coal has significant implications for energy security and economic stability in regions that rely heavily on coal production. As demand for coal decreases due to the transition to renewable energy sources, economies dependent on coal mining may face job losses and economic decline. This necessitates proactive measures such as workforce retraining and investment in alternative industries to ensure a just transition while maintaining energy security through diversified energy portfolios.

Related terms

Fossil Fuels: Natural fuels formed from the decomposed remains of ancient plants and animals, including coal, oil, and natural gas.

Anthracite: The highest rank of coal, known for its high carbon content and heating value, often used for residential and commercial heating.

Clean Coal Technology: A range of technologies aimed at reducing the environmental impact of coal usage by improving efficiency and reducing emissions.