Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) are a group of microorganisms that play a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle by converting ammonia ($$NH_3$$) into nitrite ($$NO_2^-$$) through a process called nitrification. This transformation is essential for soil health and aquatic ecosystems as it helps maintain nitrogen balance and facilitates plant growth. AOB are typically found in soil, freshwater, and marine environments, highlighting their importance in various biogeochemical processes.
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