Aphra Behn

Definition

Aphra Behn was a pioneering English playwright, poet, and novelist of the Restoration era, notable for being one of the first women to earn a living as a writer. Her works reflect the social changes and cultural dynamics of the time, particularly in relation to gender and sexuality, which were significant themes in Restoration comedy. Behn's influence extended to shaping the role of women in theatre and literature during a period characterized by the reopening of theatres under Charles II.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Aphra Behn's most famous play, 'The Rover,' premiered in 1677 and is celebrated for its strong female characters and exploration of sexual politics.
2. She often wrote under male pseudonyms initially but later embraced her identity as a female writer, breaking ground for women in literature.
3. Behn was not only a playwright but also a poet and novelist, contributing significantly to early English prose with works like 'Oroonoko,' which highlighted issues of race and colonialism.
4. Her writing style combined sharp wit with social commentary, reflecting the complexities of Restoration society and its changing views on morality and relationships.
5. Behn's influence on subsequent generations of writers is profound; she is often credited with paving the way for feminist literature and the representation of women's voices in theatre.

Review Questions

• How did Aphra Behn's work reflect the social changes during the Restoration period?
  • Aphra Behn's work mirrored the social changes of the Restoration period by addressing themes such as gender dynamics, sexuality, and personal freedom. Her plays often showcased strong female characters who challenged traditional gender roles, reflecting the shifting attitudes toward women's independence during this time. This was particularly significant after the reopening of theatres under Charles II, which allowed for more diverse narratives and representations on stage.
• In what ways did Aphra Behn challenge conventional gender roles through her writing?
  • Aphra Behn challenged conventional gender roles by presenting women as complex individuals with desires and agency in her plays. Characters like Hellena in 'The Rover' assert their sexuality and autonomy in ways that defy societal expectations. By becoming a successful professional writer in a male-dominated field, Behn herself became a symbol of women's empowerment, showcasing that women could succeed creatively while critiquing societal norms through their art.
• Evaluate Aphra Behn's legacy in relation to both Restoration comedy and modern feminist literature.
  • Aphra Behn's legacy is significant both for Restoration comedy and modern feminist literature as she laid essential groundwork for female writers and complex female characters. In Restoration comedy, her work brought to light issues surrounding gender and sexuality that were previously marginalized. This paved the way for future feminist writers to explore similar themes while advocating for women's rights. Behn's influence resonates today as she is celebrated as a trailblazer who opened doors for women in literature, encouraging ongoing conversations about gender representation and equality in the arts.

Related terms

Restoration Comedy: A genre of comedy that emerged after the reopening of theatres in England in 1660, characterized by its focus on witty dialogue, sexual innuendo, and social satire.

Charles II: The King of England who restored the monarchy in 1660 and played a crucial role in the reopening of theatres, greatly influencing the arts and culture of the Restoration period.

Gender Roles: The societal norms and expectations surrounding behaviors and responsibilities based on one's gender, which were challenged and redefined in Behn's works.