One-Way ANOVA: One-Way ANOVA is a statistical test used to determine if there are any statistically significant differences between the means of three or more independent groups.
Within-Group Variability: Within-group variability refers to the variation in individual observations or responses within each group or treatment condition.
F-Statistic: The F-statistic is a test statistic used in the One-Way ANOVA to determine if the between-group variability is significantly greater than the within-group variability.