Null Hypothesis: The null hypothesis, denoted as H0, is a statement that the researcher believes is true and wants to test. It typically represents no effect or no difference between groups.
Alternative Hypothesis: The alternative hypothesis, denoted as H1 or Ha, is a statement that the researcher believes is true if the null hypothesis is false. It typically represents an effect or a difference between groups.
Type I Error: A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is true, but the researcher rejects it, concluding that there is an effect or difference when there is none.