Kinetic energy

Definition

Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion. It is given by the formula $KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$, where $m$ is mass and $v$ is velocity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Kinetic energy depends on both the mass and velocity of an object.
2. The unit of kinetic energy in the International System of Units (SI) is the joule (J).
3. Doubling the velocity of an object quadruples its kinetic energy.
4. In a chemical context, kinetic energy relates to the motion of atoms and molecules.
5. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance.

Review Questions

• What is the formula used to calculate kinetic energy?
• How does changing an object's velocity affect its kinetic energy?
• What does temperature indicate about the kinetic energy of particles in a substance?

Related terms

Potential Energy: Energy stored within an object due to its position, condition, or composition.

Thermal Energy: The total internal kinetic energy of particles in a substance due to their random motion.

Work: $W = Fd \cos(\theta)$, it represents the transfer of energy when a force moves an object over a distance.