April 21, 753 BCE, is traditionally recognized as the date of the founding of Rome. This date is significant in the foundation myths of Rome, particularly the story of Romulus and Remus, where Romulus becomes the first king of Rome after a series of dramatic events. The establishment of the city marks the beginning of Roman civilization and the city's growth into a powerful empire.
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The date April 21, 753 BCE, is based on historical calculations made by Roman scholars like Varro and became part of Roman tradition.
According to legend, Romulus founded Rome after a dispute with his brother Remus, which resulted in Remus' death, symbolizing themes of conflict and leadership.
The founding of Rome is steeped in various myths that reflect the values and beliefs of early Romans, emphasizing strength, courage, and divine favor.
Rome's location on the Tiber River provided strategic advantages for trade and defense, which were critical for its early growth.
April 21 is still celebrated as a significant day in Rome's calendar known as Natales Romae, marking the city's birthday with various festivities.
Review Questions
How does the legend of Romulus and Remus encapsulate the values and beliefs of early Roman society?
The legend of Romulus and Remus reflects key values such as bravery, destiny, and conflict resolution. Their story symbolizes the struggles faced by early Romans in establishing their city amidst adversity. The rivalry between the twins illustrates themes of competition and leadership, which were essential for Rome's survival and eventual dominance. Additionally, their connection to divine origins reinforces the idea that Rome was favored by the gods.
In what ways did the geographical location of Rome contribute to its founding on April 21, 753 BCE?
The geographical location of Rome played a crucial role in its establishment on April 21, 753 BCE. Situated along the Tiber River, Rome had access to vital trade routes that facilitated economic growth. Its hills provided natural defense against potential invaders, ensuring security for its early inhabitants. The fertile land around the river also supported agriculture, allowing for sustainable food sources that were essential for a growing population.
Evaluate the significance of April 21, 753 BCE, within the broader context of Roman identity and culture throughout its history.
April 21, 753 BCE, is significant as it marks not only the founding of Rome but also serves as a cornerstone for Roman identity throughout history. This date became emblematic of Rome’s origins and its legendary past, influencing Roman culture through art, literature, and public celebrations like Natales Romae. The myths surrounding this date fostered a sense of unity among Romans and established a narrative that emphasized resilience and greatness. Over time, this foundational myth would be invoked to inspire loyalty to Rome during times of crisis or expansion.
Related terms
Romulus: Romulus is the legendary founder and first king of Rome, credited with establishing many of the city's institutions and its initial population.
Remus: Remus is the twin brother of Romulus in Roman mythology, whose death at the hands of Romulus is a key event in the founding story of Rome.
Lupercalia: Lupercalia is an ancient Roman festival celebrated on February 15 that honored fertility and was associated with the legendary she-wolf that cared for Romulus and Remus.