Militarism

Definition

Militarism is the belief in maintaining a strong military and being prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests. This ideology can lead to increased military expenditure and the glorification of the military's role in society, often influencing government policies and cultural values. In Japan, particularly during the early 20th century, militarism was deeply intertwined with nationalism, shaping the country's identity and its actions on the global stage.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Militarism in Japan became prominent during the Meiji Restoration in the late 19th century, as Japan sought to modernize its military and assert itself as a world power.
2. Mishima Yukio was heavily influenced by militaristic ideals, viewing the samurai spirit as essential to Japan's cultural identity and dignity.
3. The rise of militarism contributed to Japan's aggressive expansion into Asia during the early 20th century, including invasions of China and Korea.
4. Mishima's works often reflect his admiration for martial values and a critique of post-war Japan's pacifism, suggesting a longing for a return to traditional values associated with militarism.
5. Militarism ultimately played a role in shaping Japan's involvement in World War II, leading to significant political and cultural ramifications after the war.

Review Questions

• How did militarism influence Mishima Yukio's literary works and personal philosophy?
  • Militarism profoundly influenced Mishima Yukio's literary creations and personal beliefs, where he often expressed admiration for the samurai ethos and martial values. His writings frequently highlighted themes of honor, sacrifice, and the importance of embracing one's cultural identity through a strong military. Mishima's fascination with these ideals not only shaped his narratives but also mirrored his own life choices, including his controversial political activism that aimed to restore Japan's imperial past.
• Analyze the relationship between militarism and nationalism in Japan during Mishima Yukio's lifetime.
  • During Mishima Yukio's lifetime, militarism was closely linked to nationalism as both movements sought to elevate Japan's status on the world stage. This connection fostered a strong sense of pride and identity among the Japanese populace, often glorifying the military as a symbol of national strength. Mishima’s works reflect this intertwining of militarism and nationalism, showcasing his desire for a revival of traditional values that aligned with Japan’s historical martial legacy.
• Evaluate the impact of militarism on Japanese society in the context of Mishima Yukio's life and work, especially regarding post-war attitudes.
  • The impact of militarism on Japanese society during Mishima Yukio's life was profound, particularly in shaping cultural attitudes toward honor, duty, and sacrifice. Following World War II, many Japanese adopted more pacifist views, which Mishima vehemently opposed, believing that this shift led to a loss of national identity. Through his writings and political actions, he aimed to challenge these post-war attitudes by advocating for a return to militaristic principles, arguing that such values were essential for restoring Japan’s greatness and cultural integrity.

Related terms

Shōwa Era: The period of Japanese history from 1926 to 1989 during which Emperor Hirohito reigned, marked by significant militaristic expansion and the rise of nationalism.

Bushido: The code of conduct for samurai warriors, emphasizing loyalty, honor, and personal bravery, which contributed to the militaristic culture in Japan.

Imperialism: The policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force, closely associated with Japan's expansionist actions in Asia.