Head()

Definition

The `head()` function in R is used to display the first few entries of a vector, data frame, or matrix. This function is particularly useful for quickly inspecting the contents and structure of your data without having to print the entire dataset, allowing for efficient data exploration and analysis.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. `head()` by default shows the first 6 entries of the input object, but this can be changed by specifying the `n` parameter to display a different number of rows.
2. Using `head()` with data frames can help you quickly understand variable types and data distribution without overwhelming amounts of information.
3. `head()` can be particularly useful after loading large datasets, as it allows you to verify that your data has been imported correctly.
4. You can apply `head()` to various R objects, such as lists and matrices, making it a versatile function for data examination.
5. When using `head()` in combination with other functions like `dplyr` or `tidyverse`, it can streamline workflows by quickly summarizing initial results.

Review Questions

• How does the `head()` function enhance the process of inspecting a dataset in R?
  • `head()` enhances data inspection by allowing users to view the first few entries of a dataset without overwhelming them with information. By default, it shows six entries, which helps in quickly assessing the structure and contents of data frames and other objects. This initial look is essential when working with large datasets as it aids in confirming that data has been loaded correctly and informs subsequent analysis steps.
• In what scenarios might you want to adjust the default number of rows displayed by the `head()` function, and how would you do this?
  • You might want to adjust the number of rows displayed by `head()` when working with smaller datasets or when you're interested in only a specific number of observations. To do this, you can use the syntax `head(data_frame_name, n)` where `n` is the desired number of rows. For example, `head(my_data, 10)` will show the first 10 entries instead of the default 6, providing a tailored view according to your needs.
• Evaluate how using `head()` in conjunction with other data manipulation functions can improve your overall workflow in R.
  • Using `head()` alongside other data manipulation functions streamlines your workflow by providing immediate insight into your data at each step. For instance, after applying a filter or transformation with packages like `dplyr`, running `head()` allows you to quickly verify changes and ensure accuracy. This practice not only saves time but also helps prevent errors in analysis by allowing for iterative examination and validation of results throughout the data processing stages.

Related terms

tail(): The `tail()` function displays the last few entries of a vector, data frame, or matrix, providing a way to view the end of your dataset.

data.frame: A `data.frame` is a table-like structure in R that stores data in rows and columns, where each column can contain different types of data.

indexing: Indexing refers to the method of accessing specific elements or subsets of data structures like vectors and data frames using their numeric positions or labels.