Augustan Literature refers to a period in English literature during the late 17th and early 18th centuries that is characterized by an emphasis on reason, order, and classical ideals, mirroring the reign of Augustus Caesar in ancient Rome. This era saw a rise in satirical works, poetic advancements, and the foundations of modern literary criticism, showcasing a blend of wit and societal commentary.
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Augustan Literature was influenced by the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 and the subsequent social changes in England, leading to a focus on satire and moral critique.
Prominent figures like Jonathan Swift and Alexander Pope emerged during this period, using their works to comment on politics, society, and human behavior through sharp wit.
The literature of this time often sought to balance personal expression with the ideals of reason and decorum, reflecting the Enlightenment's impact on thought and writing.
Augustan poets often employed heroic couplets as a favored poetic form, allowing for clear expression of ideas while maintaining a structured rhythm.
This literary movement laid the groundwork for modern literary criticism by fostering analytical discourse around texts, as seen in the works of Dryden and Pope.
Review Questions
How did Augustan Literature reflect the social and political climate of its time?
Augustan Literature mirrored the shifting social and political landscape following the restoration of the monarchy in 1660. Writers like Jonathan Swift and Alexander Pope used satire to address contemporary issues, including corruption in government and societal norms. Their works served not only as entertainment but also as a critique of their world, showcasing how literature could engage with pressing political matters while still adhering to classical ideals of reason and order.
Discuss how John Dryden's contributions to poetry influenced the characteristics of Augustan Literature.
John Dryden was instrumental in shaping Augustan Literature through his innovative use of language and form. He emphasized clarity and precision in his writing while drawing from classical themes. His works often blended personal sentiment with social critique, establishing a precedent for later poets like Alexander Pope. By championing heroic couplets and refining satirical techniques, Dryden's contributions provided a solid foundation for the characteristic style of Augustan poetry.
Evaluate the impact of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu's travel writing within the context of Augustan Literature's themes and conventions.
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu's travel writing presents a unique perspective within Augustan Literature by combining personal narrative with cultural critique. Her letters from Turkey challenge prevailing stereotypes about Eastern cultures while employing wit similar to her male contemporaries. Montagu's work illustrates how women could engage with and contribute to the literary landscape of the time, broadening the scope of themes explored in Augustan literature. This expansion highlights a shift towards more diverse voices that would eventually influence future literary movements.
Related terms
Satire: A literary genre that uses humor, irony, or exaggeration to criticize or mock individuals, society, or institutions.
Neoclassicism: An artistic and literary movement that sought to revive the classical ideals of ancient Greece and Rome, emphasizing harmony, restraint, and adherence to established forms.
Periodical Essay: A short written work published regularly that often discusses contemporary social issues or literary criticism, popularized during the Augustan era.