Arthurian

Definition

Arthurian refers to the body of literature and legends surrounding King Arthur and his knights, primarily stemming from medieval narratives. This genre explores themes of chivalry, romance, adventure, and heroism, often set against a backdrop of mythical Britain. The tales reflect the cultural values and societal ideals of the time, shaping the development of the romance genre in significant ways.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Arthurian legends have their roots in early medieval folklore and were popularized by works such as Geoffrey of Monmouth's 'Historia Regum Britanniae' in the 12th century.
2. Key figures in Arthurian tales include Merlin the wizard, Guinevere the queen, and Lancelot the knight, each embodying different aspects of the chivalric code.
3. The stories often focus on quests for the Holy Grail, representing spiritual purity and the ultimate test of a knight's worthiness.
4. Arthurian literature evolved through various retellings by authors such as Sir Thomas Malory, whose 'Le Morte d'Arthur' became a definitive compilation of these tales in the 15th century.
5. The themes of love, betrayal, and honor in Arthurian narratives greatly influenced the development of later romantic literature across Europe.

Review Questions

• How do the themes found in Arthurian literature reflect the social values of medieval society?
  • Arthurian literature embodies key social values of medieval society, particularly through its emphasis on chivalry and courtly love. The stories present knights who strive to uphold honor and loyalty while engaging in quests that test their moral character. This reflects societal expectations for nobility during that time, where valor and virtuous conduct were paramount in both warfare and romantic endeavors.
• Discuss how different authors contributed to the evolution of Arthurian legends throughout history.
  • Various authors have played crucial roles in shaping the Arthurian legends over time. Geoffrey of Monmouth laid the groundwork with his historical account, infusing it with mythological elements. Later, Sir Thomas Malory compiled these tales into 'Le Morte d'Arthur,' which solidified many characters and plots that are now synonymous with the legends. Each retelling adapted to contemporary issues and sensibilities, reflecting how these stories have evolved while maintaining their core themes.
• Evaluate the significance of the Holy Grail quest within Arthurian literature and its impact on the romance genre as a whole.
  • The quest for the Holy Grail is a pivotal element in Arthurian literature, symbolizing not only a physical journey but also an introspective search for spiritual enlightenment and virtue. This quest narrative contributes to the romance genre by intertwining elements of adventure, moral trials, and personal growth. The Grail stories helped define romantic ideals that would resonate throughout medieval literature, influencing subsequent works by embedding themes of longing, sacrifice, and redemption that are characteristic of later romances.

Related terms

Chivalry: A code of conduct associated with the medieval institution of knighthood that emphasized virtues such as bravery, honor, and respect for women.

Romance: A literary genre that typically features heroic knights, courtly love, and fantastical adventures, often centered on the quest narrative.

Camelot: The legendary castle and court associated with King Arthur, often depicted as a symbol of idealized chivalry and unity among knights.