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3-Phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) is a three-carbon molecule formed in the Calvin cycle during photosynthesis. It is the first stable product of carbon fixation in the C3 pathway.
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Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP): A five-carbon sugar that reacts with CO2 to form two molecules of 3-PGA in the Calvin cycle.
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P): A three-carbon molecule formed from the reduction of 3-PGA; it can be used to synthesize glucose.
RuBisCO: An enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of RuBP, leading to the production of two molecules of 3-PGA.