Aflatoxin

Definition

Aflatoxin is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by certain species of the Aspergillus fungus. It is commonly found in crops like peanuts, maize, and tree nuts and poses significant health risks to humans and animals.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Aflatoxins are primarily produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus.
2. These toxins are highly carcinogenic and can lead to liver cancer upon prolonged exposure.
3. The contamination typically occurs in warm, humid conditions which favor fungal growth.
4. Aflatoxins can suppress the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections.
5. Regulatory agencies like the FDA set maximum allowable levels of aflatoxins in food products to minimize health risks.

Review Questions

• Which species of fungi are most commonly associated with aflatoxin production?
• What type of cancer is most strongly linked to chronic aflatoxin exposure?
• Under what environmental conditions does aflatoxin contamination typically occur?

Related terms

Aspergillus flavus: A species of fungus known for producing aflatoxins.

Mycotoxin: Toxic compounds produced by fungi that can contaminate food supplies.

Carcinogen: Any substance or agent that promotes the formation of cancer.