Amino groups

Definition

Amino groups are functional groups consisting of a nitrogen atom attached to two hydrogen atoms, typically denoted as -NH2. They are essential components of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Amino groups confer basic properties to molecules, allowing them to attract protons.
2. They play a critical role in the formation of peptide bonds during protein synthesis.
3. Amino groups can participate in hydrogen bonding and affect protein structure and function.
4. In proteins, amino groups are found at the N-terminus of polypeptide chains.
5. They can undergo chemical modifications such as acetylation, impacting protein activity and stability.

Review Questions

• What is the basic chemical structure of an amino group?
• How do amino groups contribute to the formation of peptide bonds?
• Why is the presence of an amino group significant for protein structure?

Related terms

Peptide Bond: A covalent bond formed between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another.

Protein Folding: The process by which a protein assumes its functional three-dimensional shape.

Acetylation: A chemical modification involving the addition of an acetyl group to a molecule, often affecting protein function.