ATP

Definition

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the primary energy carrier in cells. It stores and provides energy necessary for various cellular processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. ATP is produced during cellular respiration, particularly in the mitochondria.
2. During catabolism of carbohydrates, ATP is generated through glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.
3. In photosynthesis, ATP is synthesized in the light-dependent reactions to provide energy for the Calvin cycle.
4. Many antibacterial drugs target bacterial metabolism pathways that produce ATP, inhibiting their growth.
5. ATP can be hydrolyzed to ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) and an inorganic phosphate, releasing energy.

Review Questions

• What are the main pathways through which ATP is produced during carbohydrate catabolism?
• How does ATP function in photosynthesis?
• Why do some antimicrobial drugs target ATP production in bacteria?

Related terms

Glycolysis: The metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP.

Krebs Cycle: A series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate into carbon dioxide.

Photosystem II: A protein complex in photosynthesis that absorbs light energy to drive water splitting and oxygen production.