Bacteriocins

Definition

Bacteriocins are proteinaceous toxins produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strains. They play a significant role in microbial competition and maintaining microbiota balance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Bacteriocins are a form of chemical defense used by bacteria to outcompete other microbes.
2. They are typically active against strains that are closely related to the producing bacterium.
3. Bacteriocins can be classified into different types based on their structure and mode of action, such as lantibiotics and colicins.
4. In the digestive system, bacteriocins help maintain the balance of normal microbiota by inhibiting pathogenic bacteria.
5. Certain probiotic strains produce bacteriocins which can be beneficial in preventing urogenital infections.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of bacteriocins in bacterial communities?
• How do bacteriocins contribute to the balance of normal microbiota in the digestive system?
• Name two types of bacteriocins and describe their general mode of action.

Related terms

Probiotics: Live microorganisms that provide health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts.

Lantibiotics: A class of peptide antibiotics that contain unusual amino acids, known for their ability to inhibit Gram-positive bacteria.

Microbiota: The community of microorganisms living in a particular environment, such as the human gut or urogenital tract.