Smallpox

Definition

Smallpox is a contagious and sometimes fatal infectious disease caused by the variola virus. It has been eradicated globally through an intensive vaccination campaign.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Smallpox was declared eradicated in 1980 by the World Health Organization (WHO).
2. The smallpox vaccine, developed by Edward Jenner, was the first successful vaccine to be created.
3. Smallpox spreads through direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated objects.
4. There are two clinical forms of smallpox: variola major and variola minor, with variola major being more severe.
5. Symptoms of smallpox include high fever, fatigue, and a characteristic rash that progresses to pus-filled sores.

Review Questions

• What virus causes smallpox?
• How is smallpox transmitted between individuals?
• What are the two clinical forms of smallpox and how do they differ?

Related terms

Variola Virus: The virus responsible for causing smallpox.

Eradication: The complete and permanent reduction to zero of the worldwide incidence of infection caused by a specific pathogen.

Vaccine: A biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease.