Aspartame

Definition

Aspartame is a low-calorie artificial sweetener used in various food and beverage products. It is composed of two amino acids, phenylalanine and aspartic acid.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Aspartame is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose (table sugar).
2. It is commonly found in diet sodas, sugar-free gums, and many low-calorie snacks.
3. Aspartame has been approved by the FDA and numerous global health agencies as safe for consumption within established limits.
4. Individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) must avoid aspartame because they cannot metabolize phenylalanine effectively.
5. Some studies have suggested potential neurological effects from aspartame, but reviews by major health organizations have generally not confirmed significant risks when consumed at normal levels.

Review Questions

• What are the two amino acids that make up aspartame?
• Why must individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) avoid consuming aspartame?
• How does the sweetness of aspartame compare to that of sucrose?

Related terms

Phenylalanine: An essential amino acid that is a component of aspartame and must be avoided by individuals with PKU.

Sucralose: A zero-calorie artificial sweetener that is about 600 times sweeter than sucrose.

Saccharin: Another artificial sweetener that was one of the first discovered and is often used in soft drinks and medications.