Glycolysis

Definition

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH in the process. It occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and is essential for cellular energy production.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Glycolysis is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
2. The process produces a net gain of 2 ATP molecules per molecule of glucose.
3. Glycolysis is crucial for brain function as neurons rely heavily on glucose for energy.
4. It involves a series of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
5. In neurological conditions like Alzheimer's disease, glycolytic pathways may be impaired, affecting brain metabolism.

Review Questions

• What are the end products of glycolysis?
• How many ATP molecules are produced during glycolysis per molecule of glucose?
• Why is glycolysis particularly important for brain function?

Related terms

Krebs Cycle: A series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into carbon dioxide.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): The primary energy carrier in all living organisms' cells.

NADH: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in its reduced form, which carries electrons from one reaction to another during cellular respiration.