Puberty

Definition

Puberty is the developmental phase characterized by physical and hormonal changes that lead to sexual maturity. It typically occurs between ages 8-14 in girls and 9-16 in boys, influenced by genetic, environmental, and nutritional factors.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Nutrition plays a critical role in the onset and progression of puberty; deficiencies or excesses can alter hormonal balance.
2. Essential nutrients like zinc, iron, and vitamins A and D are crucial for normal pubertal development.
3. Obesity can lead to early onset of puberty due to increased levels of leptin, an adipose-derived hormone.
4. Endocrine disruptors found in food packaging or contaminated water can interfere with normal hormonal functions during puberty.
5. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats supports optimal endocrine health during this critical period.

Review Questions

• What essential nutrients are necessary for normal pubertal development?
• How does obesity impact the timing of puberty?
• What role do endocrine disruptors play in pubertal development?

Related terms

Menarche: The first occurrence of menstruation in adolescent females.

Growth Spurt: A rapid increase in height and weight typically occurring during puberty.

Endocrine Disruptors: Chemicals that can interfere with endocrine (or hormonal) systems at certain doses.