A polar covalent bond is a type of chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons, but they do so unequally due to differences in their electronegativity. This inequality in electron sharing leads to a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on the other.
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Electronegativity: The measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons when it is part of a compound.
Nonpolar Covalent Bond: A type of chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons equally because they have similar or identical electronegativity.
Dipole Moment: A measure of the separation of positive and negative electrical charges within a molecule, indicating the polarity of a chemical bond