Acarbose

Definition

Acarbose is an oral antidiabetic drug that inhibits enzymes in the small intestine responsible for breaking down carbohydrates into glucose. This results in a slower and lower rise in blood glucose levels after meals.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Acarbose primarily works by inhibiting alpha-glucosidase enzymes in the small intestine.
2. It is commonly prescribed to manage Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
3. The drug should be taken with the first bite of each main meal to be effective.
4. Acarbose can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as flatulence, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
5. It does not cause hypoglycemia when used alone but can increase the risk when combined with other antidiabetic agents.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action for Acarbose?
• How does Acarbose affect postprandial blood glucose levels?
• What are common gastrointestinal side effects associated with Acarbose?

Related terms

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors: A class of drugs that slow carbohydrate absorption by inhibiting enzymes in the small intestine.

Metformin: An oral antidiabetic drug that decreases hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity.

Sulfonylureas: A class of oral antidiabetic drugs that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic beta cells.