Aldosterone

Definition

Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that regulates sodium and potassium balance in the blood. It plays a crucial role in controlling blood pressure.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Aldosterone increases reabsorption of sodium and water in the kidneys, which raises blood pressure.
2. It is part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which is activated when blood volume or pressure is low.
3. Excessive production of aldosterone can lead to hypertension, a condition known as hyperaldosteronism.
4. Aldosterone antagonists are used as antihypertensive drugs to block its effects and reduce blood pressure.
5. Common side effects of aldosterone antagonists include hyperkalemia and gynecomastia.

Review Questions

• What role does aldosterone play in regulating blood pressure?
• How does aldosterone affect sodium and potassium levels in the body?
• What are potential side effects of taking aldosterone antagonists?

Related terms

Renin: An enzyme secreted by the kidneys that initiates the RAAS pathway.

Angiotensin II: A peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and stimulates aldosterone release.

Hyperaldosteronism: A condition characterized by excessive production of aldosterone, leading to high blood pressure.