Antihistamines

Definition

Antihistamines are medications that block histamine receptors to reduce allergy symptoms such as itching, swelling, and rashes. They are commonly used to treat allergic reactions, upper respiratory disorders, and sometimes in combination with other drugs for various conditions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Antihistamines are classified into first-generation and second-generation based on their sedative effects.
2. First-generation antihistamines can cross the blood-brain barrier, causing drowsiness and sedation.
3. Second-generation antihistamines have fewer central nervous system side effects and are less likely to cause drowsiness.
4. Common side effects of antihistamines include dry mouth, dizziness, and gastrointestinal disturbances.
5. Antihistamines can interact with other medications like alcohol, sedatives, and certain antidepressants.

Review Questions

• What is the primary action of antihistamines in the body?
• How do first-generation antihistamines differ from second-generation antihistamines?
• Name three common side effects associated with antihistamine use.

Related terms

Decongestants: Medications that reduce nasal congestion by narrowing blood vessels in the nasal passages.

Antiemetics: Drugs used to prevent or treat nausea and vomiting.

Otic Antihistamines: Medications specifically formulated for treating allergic reactions or inflammation in the ear.